Sunday, January 26, 2020
Distinguished From Combinations Of Words English Language Essay
Distinguished From Combinations Of Words English Language Essay Composition as a way of word-formation was very productive since Old English period and remains one of the most active types of word-building in Modern English. More than one third of neologisms in English are compound words. The goal of this research is to investigate what is a compound word, how it is built and how it can be distinguished from combinations of words. Enabling Objectives: to study the theory of the topic; to analyze gathered information; to draw relevant conclusions The hypothesis of the given work is that compounds play enormous role in English word formation. The methods of research Theoretical method (reading and analysing the theory of the word-formation in English language, composition); Practical method (searching compounds in Old English, and using Review of the literature : All the materials used by the author while doing this research were theoretical. Compounds and their criteria Compound words are words consisting of at least two stems which occur in the language as free forms (à  Ñâ‚ ¬Ãƒ  ½Ãƒ  ¾Ãƒ  »Ãƒâ€˜Ã…’à  ´ 1986:108). There are compound words among all notional parts of speech, but mostly among nouns and adjectives: synchronic word-formation system of English has a nominal character. Compound words are inseparable vocabulary units which are formally and semantically dependent on their components and relations between them. In Old English domineering structural patters of composition were: noun + noun, adjective + noun, noun + adjective. Here are some examples: Ä «s (ice, noun) + ceald (cold, adjective) = Ä «s-ceald (ice-cold, compound) [Online 1] In Middle English period compound nouns were numerous, for example tablecloth, penknife. New compounds consisted of preposition All the existing classifications of compound words represent a modified classification of Old Sanskrit Grammar where nominative compound words are subdivided into copulative (woman-doctor), determinative (air-mail) and exocentric (cut-throat) which are not typical of the English language. As English compounds consist of free forms it is difficult to distinguish them from combinations of words. [Online 2] What is the difference between a slow coach and a slowcoach? There are several criteria which can help to differentiate between them. 1.. Phonological criterion. Almost all compounds with a few exceptions always show a high stress on the first element. Compound adjectives are doubled-stressed: easy-going, snow-white. 2. Morphological criterion. Criterion of Formal Integrity was introduced by A.I. Smirnitsky. Comparing shipwreck and wreck of a ship with identical sets of morphemes and identical meaning he states that they differ. A word is characterized by structural integrity which is absent in a word-combination. Grammatical formants are added to the whole compound not to every component: shipwrecks, shipwrecks. 3. Syntactic criterion. We have no right to modify any component of a compound word or to change their order or to insert any word into its structure. L. Bloomfield points out that the word black in the phrase black birds can be modified by very, very black birds, but never in a compound blackbirds. 4. Graphical criterion. Compound words may have solid, hyphened and even separate spelling. The lack of uniformity in spelling makes this criterion insufficient and highly unreliable. The historical development of compounds and their Classsification Not all the compound words inherited by the vocabulary of English are preserved in the language in their primary form having undergone various phonetic changes, which reduced them to simple or root words. This process is called simplification of stems. The form of a compound word and its pronounciation may be changed so that it is hardly recognizable. The following examples serve as illustration: woman = wifmann (Old English, woman person), husband = husbonda (Old English, master of the house, bua to dwell). There are three ways to classify compound words. 1. Structural classification. Structurally, compounds are distinguished as endocentric (bookcase, sunrise), exocentric (cut-throat, daredevil), buhuvrihi [1] (bigwig, greenhorn) and syntactic compounds which correlate with phrases (baby-sitter) (à  Ñâ‚ ¬Ãƒ  ½Ãƒ  ¾Ãƒ  »Ãƒâ€˜Ã…’à  ´ 1986 :123) 2. According to the type of composition compounds are divided into 3 groups: a) Juxtaposition without linking elements (à  Ñâ‚ ¬Ãƒ  ½Ãƒ  ¾Ãƒ  »Ãƒâ€˜Ã…’à  ´ 1986:123): heartache, bookcase, film-star. b) Compounds with linking vowel and consonant (à  Ñâ‚ ¬Ãƒ  ½Ãƒ  ¾Ãƒ  »Ãƒâ€˜Ã…’à  ´ 1986:123): Afro-American, speedometer, handicraft. c) Compounds with linking elements represented by preposition and conjunction stems (à  Ñâ‚ ¬Ãƒ  ½Ãƒ  ¾Ãƒ  »Ãƒâ€˜Ã…’à  ´ 1986:123): bread-and-butter, father-in-law. There are also lexicalized phrases like (à  Ñâ‚ ¬Ãƒ  ½Ãƒ  ¾Ãƒ  »Ãƒâ€˜Ã…’à  ´ 1986:123) forget-me-not, devil-may-care, dog-in-the-manger. 3. According to the structure of immediate constituents (later in the research IC) compounds are divided into four groups: a) Compounds consisting of simple stems (à  Ñâ‚ ¬Ãƒ  ½Ãƒ  ¾Ãƒ  »Ãƒâ€˜Ã…’à  ´ 1986:123): bottle-neck, stare-gaze; b) Compounds where one IC is derived (à  Ñâ‚ ¬Ãƒ  ½Ãƒ  ¾Ãƒ  »Ãƒâ€˜Ã…’à  ´ 1986:123): beef-eater; c) Compounds where one IC is clipped: X-mas (Christmas) (à  Ñâ‚ ¬Ãƒ  ½Ãƒ  ¾Ãƒ  »Ãƒâ€˜Ã…’à  ´ 1986:123); d) Compounds where one IC is compound: wastepaper-basket (à  Ñâ‚ ¬Ãƒ  ½Ãƒ  ¾Ãƒ  »Ãƒâ€˜Ã…’à  ´ 1986:123). specific features of english compounds The majority of English compounds consist of free forms where combining elements are rare and possess a regular two-stem pattern. Any element playing an attributive function and standing before the main word may be united with it and form a compound word: two-year course, last-minute preparation. Derivational compounds contain two free stems and suffix referring to the whole combination: blue-eyed. There are also a lot of nonce-words among them: save-your-own-soul-ism. A special group of compounds is constituted by reduplicative compounds: reduplicative compounds proper, ablaut combinations and rhyme combinations. New word-forming patterns in composition revealing the influence of extra-linguistic factors can be illustrated by such compounds as teach-in, phone-in, sit-in, etc. These combinations contain a connotation of public protest. Compound words are frequent among nouns and adjectives but the existence of compound verbs in Modern English can be doubted. To blacklist, to over-flow are often called compound verbs. However, for example, to house-keep, to hitch-hike are created not by composition but by back-formation and conversion if treated diachronically. Conclusion To conclude the results of the research it is important to state that after having read and analyzed the theory of composition as a way of English word-formation the author of the research came to the conclusion that compounds have a long history and are one of the most popular ways of word-building in English language. It should be also mentioned that not a single criterion mentioned it the research is sufficient to establish whether we deal with a combination of words or a compound word.
Saturday, January 18, 2020
Analysis of Literary Elements in Pride and Prejudice
This quote tells the reader that Mr.. Bennett is a multi-characteristic person and than goes on to describe how so. He is a mixture of qualities that all differ from each other such as; humor and reserve. Austin creates this passage to emphasize how versatile Mr.. Bennett can be. This Inclusion of description of Mr.. Bennett also helps the reader understand more about his character and even provide a form of foreshadowing of how he might behave or react in certain situations later in the book. The main purpose of a loose sentence is to create a informal and relaxed tone in a passage.This use of a loose sentence makes the reader feel more unforgettable as they get to know the characters and establishes the book as being a conversational piece. It also presents the tone of this book as being more like a Journal or diary than a formal novel. This example of loose sentence fits Into the books overall style and tone. L Honors English 9- Period 1! 25 August 2014! Literary Analysis #2! â₠¬Å"l would not be so fastidious as you are,†cried Binge, â€Å"for a kingdom! Upon my honor, I never met so many pleasant girls in my life, as I have this evening; are there are several of them you see uncommonly pretty. †(Austin 1 1)!In this passage from Pride and Prejudice, Austin shows contrast between Mr.. Occurs while the characters being foiled, Mr.. Binge and Mr.. Diary, are at a ball and looking for pretty woman to dance with. As Binge finds many of them beautiful, it shows how he is fond of everyone and wants to see the good in them. On the other hand, Diary is more conceited and proud. He is not approving of many people and is quick Judge, resulting in him not dancing. This foiling characterizes the two men so the readers get to know more about who they are. This quote enhances the story by emphasizing the opposition of their character in a elegant language.They both are close friends but view the world differently. As an effect of this foil, the reader gets to understand the characters, their reason for behavior, and understand events that could possibly result because of their personalities later on in the book. Also, the characters get to shine because of how opposite they behave and interact with others. In this context, Mr.. Binge seems a very kind and social person. If Mr.. Diary weren't present to be conceited, Mr.. Binge would come off as an average person. ! Sydney Simpson ! Literary Analysis #3!Elizabeth continued her walk alone, crossing field after field at a quick pace, Jumping over stiles and springing over puddles with impatient activity, and finding herself at last within view of the house, with weary ankles, dirty stockings, and a face glowing with the warmth of exercise. †(Austin 32)! This select quote from Pride and Prejudice exemplifies the literary term imagery very well. Austin uses very detailed words to describe Elizabethan actions and appearances as she attempts to reach the Binge house where Jane reside s. Imagery is a use of vivid language to describe something and create an â€Å"image†in the readers dead.Imagery also awakens the reader's senses to feel, taste, hear, smell, or see what is being described. It is present all throughout Pride and Prejudice. The author uses this to connect the readers to the book. Imagery also helps the reader understand the emotions and thoughts of character by really describing what is happening and how they react in that situation. This quote clearly fits the term because of the texts descriptive voice of how Elizabethan actions convey her emotions. For example, we can see how determined and excited Elizabeth is because it is described so well how she s running to the house despite the rain.When she appears to the door, the Bentleys are appalled to see her in such manner. We as readers understand that because we can picture in our heads exactly what she appears as. ! 26 August 2014! Literary Analysis #4! â€Å"Her performance was pleasing , though by no means capital. †(Austin 25)! ! This quote from Pride and Prejudice uses the literary technique of rhetorical shift. The characteristics of a rhetorical shift include changing the attitude from one to another in a sentence with a conjunction such as but, or, or though.This passage fits refectory because it starts off with a positive attitude towards Charlotte instrumental performance and than shifts the tone to a more negative attitude. We know this because Austin uses the term says â€Å"by no means capital†meaning subpart and not accepted. Using a rhetorical in the text shifts the mood and/or ideas in the passage. In this case, the main idea of the passage before talked about was Mr.. Diary and Charlotte associations with Colonel Forester. Using the rhetorical shift as a transition phrase, the idea's shift to Charlotte performance and her family. Honors English 9- Period 2! 28 August 2014! Literary Analysis #5! â€Å"Other books were produced and afte r some deliberation, he chose Force's Sermons. †(Austin 68)! The literary term allusion is used in this quote from Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austin. An allusion is addressed to as a statement that refers to something without mentioning it directly. In this case, the book Force's Sermon's was referred as a book being read to the Bennett girls by Mr.. Collins, their father's cousin and heir to the Bennett estate. The book teaches of sermons or morals to women written by clergyman James Forced in 1766. Mr..Collins is also a clergyman, or member of the leery in church. This hints at Mr.. Collins want for the Bennett girls to follow the sermons of being proper and lady-like. It makes sense because in this time period, family. Mr.. Collins book choice also reveals more about his character and support of women staying at home. It becomes obvious that the Bennett daughters want more for themselves other than a housewife because Lydia is astonished of his book choice and interrupts him because of disinterest. Mr.. Collins than becomes offended and confesses he is surprised how many women don't follow the sermon when it is there for their benefit. !
Friday, January 10, 2020
Research and experimental development Essay
â€Å"Research and experimental development (R&D) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications.†(OECD (2002) Frascati Manual: proposed standard practice for surveys on research and experimental development, 6th edition.)[1] It is used to establish or confirm facts, reaffirm the results of previous work, solve new or existing problems, support theorems, or develop new theories. A research project may also be an expansion on past work in the field. To test the validity of instruments, procedures, or experiments, research may replicate elements of prior projects, or the project as a whole. The primary purposes of basic research (as opposed to applied research) are documentation, discovery, interpretation, or the research and development of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge. Approaches t o research depend on epistemologies, which vary considerably both within and between humanities and sciences. There are several forms of research: scientific, humanities, artistic, economic, social, business, marketing, practitioner research, etc. Contents [hide] 1 Forms of research 2 Etymology 3 Definitions 4 Steps in conducting research 5 Scientific research 6 Historical method 7 Research methods 8 Publishing 9 Research funding 10 Original research 10.1 Different forms 11 Artistic research 12 See also 13 References 14 Further reading 15 External links Forms of research[edit source | editbeta] Scientific research relies on the application of the scientific method, a harnessing of curiosity. This research provides scientific information and theories for the explanation of the nature and the properties of the world. It makes practical applications possible. Scientific research is funded by public authorities, by charitable organizations and by private groups, including many companies. Scientific research can be subdivided into different classifications according to their academic and application disciplines. Scientific research is a widely used criterion for judging the standing of an academic institution, such as business schools, but some argue that such is an inaccurate assessment of the institution, because the quality of research does not tell about the quality of teaching (these do not necessarily correlate totally).[2] Research in the humanities involves different methods such as for example hermeneutics and semiotics, and a different, more relativist epistemology. Humanities scholars usually do not search for the ultimate correct answer to a question, but instead explore the issues and details that surround it. Context is always important, and context can be social, historical, political, cultural or ethnic. An example of research in the humanities is historical research, which is embodied in historical method. Historians use primary sources and other evidence to systematically investigate a topic, and then to write histories in the form of accounts of the past. Artistic research, also seen as ‘practice-based research’, can take form when creative works are considered both the research and the object of research itself. It is the debatable body of thought which offers an alternative to purely scientific methods in research in its search for knowledge and truth. Etymology[edit source | editbeta] Aristotle, 384 BC – 322 BC, – one of the early figures in the development of the scientific method.[3] The word research is derived from the Middle French â€Å"recherche†, which means â€Å"to go about seeking†, the term itself being derived from the Old French term â€Å"recerchier†a compound word from â€Å"re-†+ â€Å"cerchier†, or â€Å"sercher†, meaning ‘search’.[4] The earliest recorded use of the term was in 1577.[4] Definitions[edit source | editbeta] Research has been defined in a number of different ways. A broad definition of research is given by Martyn Shuttleworth – â€Å"In the broadest sense of the word, the definition of research includes any gathering of data, information and facts for the advancement of knowledge.†[5] Another definition of research is given by Creswell who states – â€Å"Research is a process of steps used to collect and analyze information to increase our understanding of a topic or issue†. It consists of three steps: Pose a question, collect data to answer the question, and present an answer to the question.[6] The Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary defines research in more detail as â€Å"a studious inquiry or examination; especially : investigation or experimentation aimed at the discovery and interpretation of facts, revision of accepted theories or laws in the light of new facts, or practical application of such new or revised theories or laws†.[4] Steps in conducting research[edit source | editbeta] Research is often conducted using the hourglass model structure of research.[7] The hourglass model starts with a broad spectrum for research, focusing in on the required information through the method of the project (like the neck of the hourglass), then expands the research in the form of discussion and results. The major steps in conducting research are:[8] Identification of research problem Literature review Specifying the purpose of research Determine specific research questions or hypotheses Data collection Analyzing and interpreting the data Reporting and evaluating research Communicating the research findings and, possibly, recommendations The steps generally represent the overall process, however they should be viewed as an ever-changing process rather than a fixed set of steps.[9] Most researches begin with a general statement of the problem, or rather, the purpose for engaging in the study.[10] The literature review identifies flaws or holes in previous research which provides justification for the study. Often, a literature review is conducted in a given subject area before a research question is identified. A gap in the current literature, as identified by a researcher, then engenders a research question. The research question may be parallel to the hypothesis. The hypothesis is the supposition to be tested. The researcher(s) collects data to test the hypothesis. The researcher(s) then analyzes and interprets the data via a variety of statistical methods, engaging in what is known as Empirical research. The results of the data analysis in confirming or failing to reject the Null hypothesis are then reported and evaluated. At the end the researcher may discuss avenues for further research. Rudolph Rummel says, â€Å"†¦ no researcher should accept any one or two tests as definitive. It is only when a range of tests are consistent over many kinds of data, researchers, and methods can one have confidence in the results.†[11] Scientific research[edit source | editbeta] Main article: Scientific method Primary scientific research being carried out at the Microscopy Laboratory of the Idaho National Laboratory. Scientific research equipment at MIT. Generally, research is understood to follow a certain structural process. Though step order may vary depending on the subject matter and researcher, the following steps are usually part of most formal research, both basic and applied: Observations and Formation of the topic: Consists of the subject area of ones interest and following that subject area to conduct subject related research. The subject area should not be randomly chosen since it requires reading a vast amount of literature on the topic to determine the gap in the literature the researcher intends to narrow. A keen interest in the chosen subject area is advisable. The research will have to be justified by linking its importance to already existing knowledge about the topic. Hypothesis: A testable prediction which designates the relationship between two or more variables. Conceptual definition: Description of a concept by relating it to other concepts. Operational definition: Details in regards to defining the variables and how they will be measured/assessed in the study. Gathering of data: Consists of identifying a population and selecting samples, gathering information from and/or about these samples by using specific research instruments. The instruments used for data collection must be valid and reliable. Analysis of data: Involves breaking down the individual pieces of data in order to draw conclusions about it. Data Interpretation: This can be represented through tables, figures and pictures, and then described in words. Test, revising of hypothesis Conclusion, reiteration if necessary A common misconception is that a hypothesis will be proven (see, rather, Null hypothesis). Generally a hypothesis is used to make predictions that can be tested by observing the outcome of an experiment. If the outcome is inconsistent with the hypothesis, then the hypothesis is rejected (see falsifiability). However, if the outcome is consistent with the hypothesis, the experiment is said to support the hypothesis. This careful language is used because researchers recognize that alternative hypotheses may also be consistent with the observations. In this sense, a hypothesis can never be proven, but rather only supported by surviving rounds of scientific testing and, eventually, becoming widely thought of as true. A useful hypothesis allows prediction and within the accuracy of observation of the time, the prediction will be verified. As the accuracy of observation improves with time, the hypothesis may no longer provide an accurate prediction. In this case a new hypothesis will arise to challenge the old, and to the extent that the new hypothesis makes more accurate predictions than the old, the new will supplant it. Researchers can also use a null hypothesis, which state no relationship or difference between the independent or dependent variables. A null hypothesis uses a sample of all possible people to make a conclusion about the population.[12] Historical method[edit source | editbeta] Main article: Historical method German historian Leopold von Ranke (1795-1886), considered to be one of the founders of modern source-based history. The historical method comprises the techniques and guidelines by which historians use historical sources and other evidence to research and then to write history. There are various history guidelines commonly used by historians in their work, under the headings of external criticism, internal criticism, and synthesis. This includes lower criticism and sensual criticism. Though items may vary depending on the subject matter and researcher, the following concepts are part of most formal historical research:[13] Identification of origin date Evidence of localization Recognition of authorship Analysis of data Identification of integrity Attribution of credibility Research methods[edit source | editbeta] The goal of the research process is to produce new knowledge or deepen understanding of a topic or issue. This process takes three main forms (although, as previously discussed, the boundaries between them may be obscure): Exploratory research, which helps to identify and define a problem or question. Constructive research, which tests theories and proposes solutions to a problem or question. Empirical research, which tests the feasibility of a solution using empirical evidence. The research room at the New York Public Library, an example of secondary research in progress. There are two major types of research design: qualitative research and quantitative research. Researchers choose qualitative or quantitative methods according to the nature of the research topic they want to investigate and the research questions they aim to answer: Maurice Hilleman is credited with saving more lives than any other scientist of the 20th century.[14] Qualitative research Understanding of human behavior and the reasons that govern such behavior. Asking a broad question and collecting data in the form of words, images, video etc that is analyzed searching for themes. This type of research aims to investigate a question without attempting to quantifiably measure variables or look to potential relationships between variables. It is viewed as more restrictive in testing hypotheses because it can be expensive and time consuming, and typically limited to a single set of research subjects[citation needed]. Qualitative research is often used as a method of exploratory research as a basis for later quantitative research hypotheses[citation needed]. Qualitative research is linked with the philosophical and theoretical stance of social constructionism. Quantitative research Systematic empirical investigation of quantitative properties and phenomena and their relationships. Asking a narrow question and collecting numerical data to analyze utilizing statistical methods. The quantitative research designs are experimental, correlational, and survey (or descriptive).[15] Statistics derived from quantitative research can be used to establish the existence of associative or causal relationships between variables. Quantitative research is linked with the philosophical and theoretical stance of positivism. The Quantitative data collection methods rely on random sampling and structured data collection instruments that fit diverse experiences into predetermined response categories[citation needed]. These methods produce results that are easy to summarize, compare, and generalize[citation needed]. Quantitative research is concerned with testing hypotheses derived from theory and/or being able to estimate the size of a phenomenon of interest. Depending on the research question, participants may be randomly assigned to different treatments (this is the only way that a quantitative study can be considered a true experiment)[citation needed]. If this is not feasible, the researcher may collect data on participant and situational characteristics in order to statistically control for their influence on the dependent, or outcome, variable. If the intent is to generalize from the research participants to a larger population, the researcher will employ probability sampling to select participants.[16] In either qualitative or quantitative research, the researcher(s) may collect primary or secondary data. Primary data is data collected specifically for the research, such as through interviews or questionnaires. Secondary data is data that already exists, such as census data, which can be re-used for the research. It is good ethical research practice to use secondary data wherever possible.[17] Mixed-method research, i.e. research that includes qualitative and quantitative elements, using both primary and secondary data, is becoming more common.[18] Publishing[edit source | editbeta] Cover of the first issue of Nature, 4 November 1869. Academic publishing describes a system that is necessary in order for academic scholars to peer review the work and make it available for a wider audience. The system varies widely by field, and is also always changing, if often slowly. Most academic work is published in journal article or book form. There is also a large body of research that exists in either a thesis or dissertation form. These forms of research can be found in databases explicitly for theses and dissertations. In publishing, STM publishing is an abbreviation for academic publications in science, technology, and medicine. Most established academic fields have their own journals and other outlets for publication, though many academic journals are somewhat interdisciplinary, and publish work from several distinct fields or subfields. The kinds of publications that are accepted as contributions of knowledge or research vary greatly between fields; from the print to the electronic format. A study suggests that research ers should not give great consideration to findings that are not replicated frequently.[19] It has also been suggested that all published studies should be
Thursday, January 2, 2020
The Arab-Israeli Conflict and Black-Jewish Relations
Arab/Israeli Conflict and Black-Jewish Relations: In the 1960s, Blacks and Jews had good relations and a good alliance as they both fought for civil rights together with Martin Luther King. However, the good relations and alliance soon unraveled after the sixth day of the joint war resulting in many Blacks accepting and radicalizing the Islamic religion. These people considered the Palestinians as their brothers because they shared the same skin color and religion. The good relations between Blacks and Jews was also affected by the thought that Jews were Zionist or pro-Israel by many Blacks. Notably, the main event that had a huge impact and effect on the Black-Jewish relations was the Arab-Israeli conflict. Black Jewish Relations: Blacks and Jews were natural allies who were able to automatically empathize with each others predicament since both groups were once slaves and were constant victims of discrimination and prejudice. As a result of their good relations, the Jewish people assumed that any attempt that was less than their good relations with Blacks was a betrayal of the communities who were sacredly working together to eradicate bias (Shapiro par, 6). In many cases, the Jewish people tended to disregard the significant sociological and historical differences between them and Blacks. The good relations between these two communities were also fueled by the belief by Black people that the Jewish American experience was not similar to theirs. According toShow MoreRelatedâ€Å"To what extent do you consider foreign intervention the most significant barrier to peace between Arabs and Israelis across the period 1900-2000?†1735 Words  | 7 Pages â€Å"To what extent do you consider foreign intervention the most significant barrier to peace between Arabs and Israelis across the period 1900-2000?†Throughout the 20th Century relations between Arabs and Israelis in Palestine have undergone immense tension, change and deterioration, with both parties facing many barriers to peace. Foreign intervention is often listed as one such barrier to this peace. While the importance of foreign intervention cannot be omitted, other factors can be argued toRead MoreThe Massacre Of Israeli Delegates At The Summer Munich Olympics910 Words  | 4 Pagesgreater context of the period. The same concept applies to a specific event a mere 45 years ago, namely the massacre of Israeli delegates at the summer Munich Olympics of 1972. This event is now portrayed in standard textbooks as being part of a larger event of the time period, one of the lingering effects of the Jordanian Civil War of 1971, an event that has been dubbed â€Å"Black September†in the history books. As a result of the efforts of the Jordanians placed against various Palestinian groupsRead MoreThe Palestinian And Palestinian State3134 Words  | 13 PagesHow did the viewpoints of several powerful governments determine the ongoing effects of the Palestinian/ Israeli conflict? That is the question this essay tries to answer, discovering the facts within the origins of the land which holds the Israeli and Palestinian state. Examining the first known palestinian and Jewish settlements (1882) will give a better understanding as to why they are the way they are, including the spread of Zionism. In this essay, there will be an unbiased approach towardsRead MoreThe Arab- Israeli Conflict Essay1516 Words  | 7 PagesThe Arab- Israeli Conflict AO1: What are the main differences between the beliefs and attitudes of the Jews/Israelis and the Arabs/ Palestinians towards the land now called Israel with the Gaza Strip and the West Bank? The Arab- Israeli conflict is one of the most interesting conflicts that have strained relations between the Muslims and the Jews which involves a small but significant piece of land known as Palestine (Israel today). This conflict is not rooted inRead MoreThe Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty of 1979: A Balance of Peace and Power in the Middle East 1757 Words  | 8 PagesThe Arab-Israeli conflict, initiated over one-hundred years ago and still continuing, has confounded both policy-makers and citizens; despite the best efforts of foreign leaders, only one substantial accord has materialized in the decades of negotiations: the Israel-Egypt peace treaty of 1979. Before one undertakes to understand such a complex topic as the Israel-Egypt peace treaty, however, a broad knowledge of the historical background of the two countries involved is essential to understandingRead MoreEssay about Israel And The Palestinians2991 Words  | 12 Pages Israel and the Palestinians Israel is situated at the connection of Africa and Asia. It is 20,000 square kilometres and unlike its neighbour Arab states it lacks natural resources. Lebanon and Syria border it in the north, Jordan in the east and Egypt to the south. Israel has also been holding Golan Heights, the Gaza Strip and the West Bank of the River Jordan since 1967. It has an extremely varied geography and climate. Most of the coastline lies on the Mediterranean Sea. In the south are theRead MoreHAMAS: A Conventional Terrorist Group? Essay examples1473 Words  | 6 PagesHAMAS, an Arabic acronym meaning â€Å"Islamic Resistance Movement†, is the name of the socio-political organization currently in power over the Gaza Strip. For decades Jews Muslims and Israelis Palestinians, often one in the same, have fought for control over the region. Each have killed thousands of the other, destroyed infrastructures and used underhanded tactics to gain an advantage. Nations such as Japan, the European Union, the United States and (of course) Israel classify the group as terroristsRead MoreAnalysing the Israel-Palestine Conflict in International Relations Perspective1976 Words  | 8 PagesIsrael-Palestine Conflict in International Relations Perspective Introduction to International Relations Analysing the Israel-Palestine Conflict in International Relations Perspective Background Since the early 20th Century, Israelis and Palestinians have been fighting over the land between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea. With the assumption that Palestine is a state to facilitate discussion, this report sketches out the most significant elements of the conflict on theRead MorePalestine And Their Unique History Essay1924 Words  | 8 Pagesoccurred between the IOF and the citizens of Palestine. In 1917 Britain defeats the Ottomans and conquers Palestine.They supported the national home for the Jewish people and set rules that will not stop prejudice in the civil and religious aspect towards existing non-Jewish communities. The next year the first significant Palestine Arab nationalist organizations emerge, the mainly cultural muntade al-Arabi and Damascus based nadi al-Arabi.(Palestinian territories – Timeline) Al-Mutada al-AdabiRead MoreEssay on Olympic Massacre and the Effects of Relations1987 Words  | 8 Pagesforgets past conflicts to enjoy seventeen days of competition. When Munich in West Germany hosted the Olympics in 1972, it started out like any other, with hundreds of athletes and a memorable opening ceremony. The events proceeded without any difficulty until the sixteenth day of the games. At a time when all strife was put on hold, no one would have thought that there would be such a catastrophic circumstance as the Olympic Massacre. As the world watched, the Palestinians and Israelis struggled to
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)